3. Pegasus
Not many people realize that Pegasus is actually a proper name. Pegasus was a pure white winged horse in Greek mythology, the son of the sea god Poseidon and the Gorgon Medusa. When the hero Perseus cut off the head of the monster Medusa, Pegasus was born fully grown. Pegasus was the lightning bearer for Zeus and the friend of the Muses. After the gods Athena and Poseidon helped the hero Bellerophon catch Pegasus, Pegasus served as Bellerophon's mount and fought many other monsters, including chimera. When Bellerophon grew arrogant and attempted to fly up to Olympus, he fell off of Pegasus' back and died. Zeus placed Pegasus in the sky as a constellation. Throughout the Renaissance, Pegasus was a symbol of wisdom and inspiration due to his association with the Muses. Modern winged horses are called "pegasus" after the original Greek creature.
2. Leviathan
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| Gustave Dore, "Destruction of Leviathan," 1865 |
Believe it or not, dragons are in the Bible. Real-life dragons! And they're not allegorical, either. Though scholars debate whether dragons actually existed or they were just exaggerated versions of dinosaurs, we have proof that at least one real dragon existed at some point. In Job 41, here are some things God has to say about leviathan:
v8: If you lay a hand on it, you will remember the struggle and never do it again!
v14: Who dares open the doors of its mouth, ringed about with fearsome teeth?
v15-17: Its back has rows of shields tightly sealed together, each so close to the next that no air can pass between them. They are joined fast to one another, they cling together and cannot be parted.
Of course, all of these could also be speaking of a dinosaur with very powerful scales, but once you read the next passage, there will be no doubt in your mind that leviathan was a dragon:
v18-21: Its snorting throws out flashes of light, its eyes are like the rays of dawn. Flames stream from its mouth, sparks of fire shoot out. Smoke pours from its nostrils as from a boiling pot over burning reeds. Its breath sets coals ablaze, and flames dart from its mouth.
It breathes fire! Leviathan was a fire-breathing, water-dwelling, reptilian, fearsome monster. That certainly sounds like a dragon to me!
"When it rises up, the mighty are terrified; they retreat before its thrashing." (v25). Indeed!
1. Dark Elves
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A good rendition of Svartalfheim from Thor: The Dark World |
In Norse mythology, light elves were the inhabitants of Alfheim (translated elf-home), also called Ljosalfheim (translated light-elf-home.) They were benevolent, magical, and eternally youthful creatures that served the gods. They could not touch cold iron or they would be burned. Dwarves were stocky, ugly, immortal metal-smiths. They lived in underground tunnels on Svartalfheim (translated black-elf-home). Dwarves lived underground because if they were ever touched by a ray of sunlight, they would turn to stone. Because they lived underground, they were often associated with death. Some scholars believe the beings called "Svartalfar" (translated black-elves) are synonymous with dwarves, and they argue that they were called "black" because they lived underground. Dark elves in Norse mythology, called Dokkalfar, were the hybrid children of these two races. They inherited both the light elves' weakness to iron and the dwarves' weakness to sunlight. Because of this, they lived underground with the dwarves. Many of them were considered evil pranksters who prowled the land at night and caused trouble, but not all of them were like this. Although some of them looked similar to traditional elves, other sub-species of dark elves were trolls, goblins, orcs, and more. These elves have a special place in my heart because they were the main inspiration for my current work-in-progress, and my only completed draft so far.
Honorable mentions go to the phoenix, which Erin already posted about, unicorns, which Laura also posted about, and fairies, which can be so diverse and are interesting in all of their variations. Read Erin's post about elves, centaurs, and phoenixes here, and Laura's post about hippogriffs, dragons, and unicorns here.
What are your favorite mythical creatures? Do you think dragons really existed? What do you think about leviathan, and the other great beast mentioned in Job 41, the behemoth? I encourage you to read Job 41 and check it out for yourself!
Attributions
Pegasus: http://vignette2.wikia.nocookie.net/powerlisting/images/6/61/Pegasus_.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20120118224226
Leviathan: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Destruction_of_Leviathan.png/250px-Destruction_of_Leviathan.png
Svartalfheim: http://vignette3.wikia.nocookie.net/marvelcinematicuniverse/images/2/23/Svartalfheim.png/revision/latest?cb=20141019224402
Thanks, Hannah! It's fun to see the different variations in so many of the mythical creatures!
ReplyDeleteHannah, I just started reading the book of Job a few days ago- your timing is perfect. I tend to think that the Leviathan was a dragon, since God is describing it as a creature familiar to Job. While some of the descriptions are obviously metaphorical (I really don't think the creature had shields for scales!), the part about breathing fire does not seem that way. Of course, we can't know for sure, but it seems likely. As for Behemoth, if you look carefully at the descriptions, it sounds a lot like one of the sauropod dinosaurs such as Apatosaurus or Camarasaurus. Again, we can't know for sure, but there certainly are no animals living today that match the description that well.
ReplyDeleteReading what you wrote about the Dark Elves helps me better understand the different groups among the Nyloth and Nyvern in your story. And I think it's really cool that "svart" means dark in Old Norse, because "schwartz" is German for black.
Thanks for a great post!
Brenna
Great post, Hannah! I love all the information you included, I learned a lot! Plus it was fun to hear how the dark elves work into your story. I think the only mythical creature I would've included that didn't make anyone's list would be mermaids :)
ReplyDelete@Brenna - "svart" actually means black in Norse... "Dokk" is dark. Job, especially the latter half, is one of my favorite books in the Bible. The Airaloth are based on the light elves, and Nyloth are similar to dark elves, but Nyvern aren't really dwarves. They fulfill the same function in the story, though. :)
ReplyDelete@Laurie - Ooh, mermaids are a great choice! I sort of forgot about those. :)
Yeah, I noticed my mistake after I posted the comment. :) As for the Nyvern and Nyloth, I just meant that there were various "races" among the Nyvern with different traits, and they passed various combinations of traits on to the Nyloth.
ReplyDeleteI agree that the smoke, fire, flames etc mentioned re the leviathan don't sound much like any other creature besides a dragon! Thanks for explaining all of the categories of the elves. I didn't realize they were so distinctly different! And yes...how could we exclude mermaids:)
ReplyDeleteGreat post! I thought I recognized it from your story ;)
ReplyDelete